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Ecosystem Impacts of Geoengineering: A Review for Developing a Science Plan

Author(s): Russell LM, Rasch PJ, Mace GM, Jackson RB, Shepherd JG, Liss PS, Leinen MS, Schimel D, Vaughan NE, Janetos AC, Boyd PW, Norby RJ, Caldeira K, Merikanto J, Artaxo P, Melillo J, Morgan MG

Published: March, 2012

Publisher: Ambio

DOI: 10.1007/s13280-012-0258-5

Tags: Research, Biodiversity

URL: http://www.springerlink.com/content/u562q0218461k416/

Abstract: Geoengineering methods are intended to reduce climate change, which is already having demonstrable effects on ecosystem structure and functioning in some regions. Two types of geoengineering activities that have been proposed are: carbon dioxide (CO(2)) removal (CDR), which removes CO(2) from the atmosphere, and solar radiation management (SRM, or sunlight reflection methods), which reflects a small percentage of sunlight back into space to offset warming from greenhouse gases (GHGs). Current research suggests that SRM or CDR might diminish the impacts of climate change on ecosystems by reducing changes in temperature and precipitation. However, sudden cessation of SRM would exacerbate the climate effects on ecosystems, and some CDR might interfere with oceanic and terrestrial ecosystem processes. The many risks and uncertainties associated with these new kinds of purposeful perturbations to the Earth system are not well understood and require cautious and comprehensive research.


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